The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) is undertaking a major transformation in its Operations and Maintenance (O&M) strategy, moving from conventional maintenance practices to a predictive asset management framework. The initiative aims to improve the quality, durability and performance of the National Highway network by leveraging advanced monitoring technologies, artificial intelligence and data analytics. The shift is intended to detect early signs of deterioration, enable timely interventions, and ensure highways remain in optimal condition while supporting large-scale infrastructure expansion.As part of the new framework, NHAI has deployed Network Survey Vehicles (NSVs) across the national highway network to collect detailed pavement condition data, including roughness, rutting, cracking and structural distress. Drone Analytics Monitoring Systems (DAMS) are being used to build digital inventories of national highway assets, monitor structures and identify encroachments. Additionally, Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) testing is being used to assess pavement strength and identify structural weaknesses before visible damage occurs. To further enhance data capture, NHAI has initiated the roll-out of AI-powered Dashcam Analytics Services (DAS) across operational National Highways sections to automatically detect wide-range of issues like potholes and damaged crash barriers to faulty lighting and drainage problems.The second pillar of the initiative focuses on centralising all collected data into a unified digital ecosystem. Information from NSVs, drones, dashcams, and FWD surveys is being integrated into a single ecosystem, creating a one source of asset condition across the national highway network. This allows data to support multiple use cases and stakeholders across the O&M ecosystem, enabling NHAI to move beyond fragmented inspections and develop a continuously updated digital view of National Highway asset health.Under the third pillar, NHAI is adopting predictive monitoring techniques and risk-based decision-making. By combining historical condition data with ongoing asset monitoring, the system will help identify deterioration trends early, prioritize vulnerable road sections, and guide preventive maintenance actions before issues escalate into major failures.The transition is further supported by standardized maintenance protocols, improved contracting frameworks, and strengthened ecosystem partnerships. Together, these measures aim to ensure more efficient maintenance delivery and higher accountability across the O&M value chain.Overall, the initiative represents a shift toward a fully data-driven highway management system. By integrating artificial intelligence, advanced sensing technologies, and predictive analytics, NHAI seeks to extend highway lifespan, optimize maintenance costs, and deliver a safer and smoother travel experience across India’s national highway network.